Ferrari P series

The Ferrari P series were prototype sports cars in the 1960s and early 1970s.
Although Enzo Ferrari resisted the move even with Cooper dominating F1, Ferrari began producing mid-engined racing cars in 1960 with the Ferrari Dino-V6-engine Formula Two 156, which would be turned into the Formula One-winner of 1961.

Sports car racers followed in 1963. Although these cars shared their names (based on engine displacement) with road models, they were almost entirely dissimilar. The first Ferrari mid-engine in a road car did not arrive until the 1967 Dino, and it was 1971 before a Ferrari 12-cylinder engine was placed behind a road-going driver in the 365 GT4 BB.

250 P

The 250 P was a Prototype racer produced in 1963, winning the 12 Hours of Sebring, 1000 km Nürburgring and the 24 Hours of Le Mans in that year. It was an open cockpit mid-engined design with a single-cam 3.0 L 250 Testa Rossa V12 engine and was almost entirely unrelated to the other 250 cars.
The 275 P and 330 P were evolutions of the 250 P with 3.3 L and 4.0 L engines, respectively. These raced during 1963 and 1964.

330 P2

Ferrari 330 P2

An entirely new car, the 330 P2, followed in 1965. It featured a lower and lighter chassis and more aerodynamic body, paired with a 410 hp (305 kW) version of the 330 V12. It was first used by Luigi Chinetti's North American Racing Team (NART) in the Daytona race that year. Some of NART's P2 cars also used the 4.4 L engine and thus were named 365 P2. The P2 was not a great success for Ferrari, however, so it was replaced by the P3 for 1966.

330 P3

The 1966 330 P3 introduced fuel injection to the Ferrari stable. It also used a P3 (Type 593) transmission that was prone to failure and was replaced by a ZF transmission when P3 0844 and 0848 were converted to 412P's, another Ferrari first that would only last one season when the ZF's were replaced by 603R P4 transmissions in all the 412P's.

There are no longer any Ferrari P3's existent as original P3 0846 was converted to a P 3/4 and P3's 0844 and 0848 were converted to 412P's by Ferrari.

412P

412P 0844 at the 2007 Goodwood Festival of Speed.

The Ferrari 412P was a "customer version" of the famous 330 P3 race car, built for independent teams like NART (0844), Scuderia Filipinetti (0848), Francorchamps (0850), and Maranello Concessionaires (0854). These cars had carburetor engines instead of the factory Lucas fuel injection. Surviving 412P cars are worth approximately $8 million^{[clarification needed]}at auction.^{[citation needed]} (at Silverstone Classic 2011, 0844's suggested value (by the mechanic working on it) was quoted at UK£12m (US$18m)
There are only 2 cars that were originally built as 412P's: 0850 and 0854. P3 chassis. P3 Typo Motors except for Carburetors in place of FI. P4 suspension but P3 wheelbase 2412mm vs. 2400mm (P4 and P 3/4 0846) 0844 and 0848 were originally P3 Factory Racecars but when Ferrari sold them to customers they removed the Lucas Mechanical Fuel Injection and replaced it with Weber carburetors which reduced their output, something Ferrari wanted to do so that they would win points but not beat the factory cars which were then P 3/4 0846 (See Above), P4 0856, P4 0858, and P4 0860.
The P3's and 412P had the same 4 liter block which is different from the P4 4 liter block and all had P3 not P4 chassis. P 3/4 0846 is unique having, after modification by Ferrari for the 1967 race season, a P3 chassis with a P4 engine.
The 412P and related 330 P3/4 and P4 models weren't eligible for the International Championship of Makes in 1968 as their engines were too large for the new 3 litre Group 6 Prototype category and too few examples had been built to allow homologation for the 5 litre Group 4 Sports Car category which required production of at least 50 units.^[2] Ferrari did not contest the championship for a year in protest.
Four 412 Ps were built:

• 0844 was a converted P3 and is currently in the UK owned by Harry Leventis
• 0848 was a converted P3 and is currently in Switzerland
• 0850 is currently owned by an American
• 0854 is currently owned by James Glickenhaus, who also commissioned and owns the Ferrari P4/5.

  512 S and 512 M

  Main article: Ferrari 512
  

  Ferrari 512 S driven by Nino Vaccarella at the 1970 1000 km Nurburgring
  These were not designated with P as they were not built for the 3000cc Prototype category, but with S as 5000cc Sports cars, of which at least 25 had to be built. Porsche had made that investment in early 1969 with the new Porsche 917. Ferrari answered with the Ferrari 512 which was introduced for 1970, and later modified as 512 M.
  

  P4/5

  
  

  Styling Model of Ferrari P 4/5 by Pininfarina at The Paris Auto Show
  Main article: Ferrari P4/5 by Pininfarina
  In 2005, James Glickenhaus commissioned Pininfarina to rebody an Enzo as a special one-off custom car.^[9] It is inspired by the early P racers, and especially Glickenhaus' own resurrected P3/4.^[10][11]
  
  
  In May 2010 Glickenhaus announced that P 4/5 Competizione a new car based on P 4/5's designs but built to FIA GT2 Standards would be built and Raced at the 2011 24 Hours of Nurburgring by Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus in an Experimental Class under the Direction of Paolo Garella Former Head of Special Projects at Pininfarina.
  
  
  
  
   
  
  At The 2011 24 Hours of Nurburgring P 4/5 Competizione finished 2 in class and received a special Constructor's Trophy. After The 24 Hours of Nurburgring P 4/5 Competizione was displayed in The National Auto Museum of Italy in Torino for a month.